Insulin Resistance: Explanations and Treatment Approaches

1. Insulin resistance is defined as the lack of response of blood sugar in the presence of adequate amounts of insulin in the body.

a) True
b) False

2. Tissues in the liver, muscle and fat are the primary areas for insulin action.

a) True
b) False

3. Exercise improves insulin resistance by increasing insulin sensitivity, increasing glucose uptake and decreasing serum triglycerides and free fatty acids.

a) True
b) False

4. Which of the following impair insulin action in the body:

a) Overweight/obesity
b) Fatty Liver
c) Glucocorticoids
d) All of the above

5. Acanthosis nigricans, skin tags and increased abdominal circumference are all signs of insulin resistance.

a) True
b) False

6. The following is/are an example(s) of strategies to improve insulin action in the body:

a) Diet changes
b) Exercise
c) Pharmacologic agents (metformin/GLP-1 agonists)
d) Bariatric surgery
e) All of the above

7. Adiponectin decreases insulin resistance and increases tissue fat oxidation, which results in lower circulating fatty acid levels.

a) True
b) False

8. The following is/are consequences of insulin resistance:

a) Increased muscle breakdown
b) Increased gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis
c) Increased lipolysis
d) All of the above

9. Insulin resistance is adaptive in states of physiological stress such as infection and starvation.

a) True
b) False