Update on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)

1. Obstructive Sleep Apnea is due to mechanical obstruction of the airway during sleep causing people to stop breathing when asleep. The mechanical obstruction is most often loose tissue (from excess tissue i.e. adipose, also from loose tissue i.e. age) but can also be enlarged tissue like tonsils and adenoids in children or rarely masses and sometime morphologic abnormalities.

a) True
b) False

2. Which of the following is true regarding the commonality of OSA?

a) 2-4% of children have OSA
b) 10-25% of adults have OSA
c) Men are 2x as likely as women to have OSA
d) Adult patients with cardiac disease have OSA at a rate that is 2 - 3x greater than the general population
e) 71% of adult patients with diabetes have OSA
f) All of the above

3. Which of the following are common symptoms/co morbidities associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea?

a) Dementia and Memory Loss
b) Hypertension
c) Impotence
d) Obesity
e) Drowsiness and Fatigue
f) Diabetes
g) Arrythmia
h) Heart Attack
i) Stroke
j) Lung Hypertension
k) All of the above

4. Obstructive Sleep Apnea is diagnosed when someone stops breathing for 10 seconds or longer 5 times per hour during sleep.

a) True
b) False

5. Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes are highly prevalent and share common risk factors, with obesity being the most prominent.

a) True
b) False

6. Further research is necessary to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms and develop treatment strategies for patients with both Diabetes and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

a) True
b) False

7. Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea includes which of the following?

a) Mild OSA - weight loss and position therapy and dental implants.
b) Moderate to Severe OSA requires CPAP or BiPAP therapy to treat.
c) A and B