Food Sovereignty in Indigenous Communities

1. According to the US Department of Agriculture in 2019, food insecurity is defined as a “Lack of consistent access to enough food for an active, healthy life.”

a) True
b) False

2. According to the Indigenous Food Systems: Concepts, Cases, and Conversations, Indigenous food sovereignty includes which of the following:

a) The right and responsibility of Indigenous people to healthy and culturally appropriate foods produced through traditional Indigenous practices
b) Supports communities in taking greater control over their food systems by increasing traditional and healthy food access and reducing dependence on packaged and fast foods
c) Mirrors public health efforts to address diet related disparities through food system change in other populations
d) All of the above.

3. According to the Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service, Household Food Security in the US data showed that in 2020, an estimated 1 in 8 Americans were food insecure, equating to over 38 million Americans, including 12 million children.

a) True
b) False

4. In 2017, First Nations Development Institute researchers found that 54% of AI/AN people live in rural and small town areas. People of Color/Natives living in rural communities experience some of the highest rates of food insecurity of any racial of ethnic group.

a) True
b) False

5. According to the Food Insecurity among American Indians and Alaska Natives: A National Profile using the Current Population Survey Food Security Supplement, from 2000-2010, 25% of AI/ANs were twice as likely to be food insecure compared to whites.

a) True
b) False

6. Which of the following affect food insecurity and diabetes prevention:

a) Limited access to fresh foods
b) Food preparation knowledge
c) Cost of fresh food
d) Poverty
e) Living in rural communities
f) Pandemic
g) All of the above.

7. The Food Resource Equity & Sustainability for Health (FRESH) Study aims included which of the following:

a) Aim 1: Characterize the Osage reservation food environment and assess the correlation of the food environment with prevalent obesity hypertension, and diabetes.
b) Aim 2: Develop a culturally relevant, multilevel, multicomponent community gardening intervention and evaluate its efficacy in increasing vegetable and fruit intake and reducing food insecurity, Body Mass Index (BMI), and blood pressure among Osage.
c) Aim 3: Create and disseminate a Web based multimedia manual and documentary film, and evaluate their effectiveness in increasing tribal readiness and capacity to improve tribal food environments.
d) All of the above.

8. The conclusions from the FRESH Study included which of the following:

a) Children had a trend toward higher intake of certain target vegetables after the intervention compared to before.
b) There was a slight trend in children in both groups being more willing to try target vegetables.
c) Despite being young (median age=32), food insecurity and obesity were relatively high in this population.
d) Food insecurity improved in both groups after the intervention.
e) All of the above.