The Developmental Origins of Obesity and Diabetes

1. Trends for rates for obesity and diabetes continue to rise worldwide for both men and women.

a) True
b) False

2. Data shows that communities of color are disproportionately affected by obesity and diabetes.

a) True
b) False

3. The number of “healthy weight” Americans is now < 30%.

a) True
b) False

4. The primary cause of obesity include which of the following:

a) Genetics: 40-70%
b) Environment: Low activity, Calorie dense foods (high fat, refined sugar), Microbiome, Environmental toxins, and In-utero.
c) a and b

5. The secondary causes of obesity are Hypercortisolemia and Drugs.

a) True
b) False

6. Both maternal undernutrition (low birth weight) and over(mal) nutrition (increased birth weight) contribute to increased risk for obesity and diabetes.

a) True
b) False

7. Evidence supports independent effects of both body weight and maternal diet on offspring risk.

a) True
b) False

8. Proposed mechanisms for the origins of obesity and diabetes include which of the following:

a) Metabolic programming
b) Epigenetics
c) Altered placental health
d) Inflammatory mediators
e) All of the above

9. Preliminary data support benefits of maternal prepregnancy weight loss as a means of reducing offspring risk for obesity and diabetes. Preliminary data support benefits of maternal prepregnancy weight loss as a means of reducing offspring risk for obesity and diabetes.

a) True
b) False